Atomizing nozzle



Patented June 8, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to an atomizing nozzle for oil burners and likeapparatus.

The object of the present invention is generally to improve and simplifythe construction and operation of atomizing nozzles; to provide anatomizing nozzle which is simple and cheap to manufacture, which may bereadily taken apart, and in which all flow passages are accessible forcleaning in the event of carbon formation or stoppage of the passages;and further, to provide an atomizing nozzle which is efficient in useand which insures atomizing of the oil or fuel employed under varyingoperating pressures.

The atomizing nozzle is shown by way of illustration in the accompanyingdrawing, in which Fig. 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section ofthe atomizing nozzle;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the nozzle;

Fig, 3 is a cross section taken on line III-III of Fig. 1; and A Fig. 4is a cross section taken on line IV-IV of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing in detail, and particularly to Fig. 1, Aindicates a tube which is connected with a source of fluid supply underpressure. Secured to the forward end of the tube is a fitting 2 which ishexagonal-shaped in cross section. This fitting may be welded to thetube A, as shown at 3, or otherwise'secured. It has an extension 4 whichextends into the tube A, and another extension 5 which is threaded onthe exterior, as indicated at 6. Positioned forwardly of the fitting 2is a head member B. Formed on the rear end thereof is a longitudinallyextending chamber 1, the interior of which is threaded to permit thehead A to be screwed onto the threaded extension 5. Formed in theforward end of the head member B is a chamber having a reduced portionwhich is interiorly threaded as shown at 8, and an enlarged portionindicated at 9. Drilled from the rear of the head, or otherwise formed,are a plurality of longitudinally extending passages I0. Their forwardends terminate and communicate with the enlarged chamber 9, while theirrear ends open through the rear of the head but are normally closed whenthe head is screwed onto the extension 5. Drilled on an angle from therear chamber 1 to communicate with the passages II) are forward passagesII. These passages convey oil or similar fluid passing through the tubeA, and a central passage 2a formed in the fitting 2. The fluid thenflows into the chamber I and the passages II, and then into the passagesIll, and as these communicate with a large chamber 9, fluid underpressure will be delivered thereto.

An atomizing nozzle is provided which cooperates with the head B. Thisnozzle is generally indicated at C. It has a head portion and a reducedthreaded extension I2 which is screwed into the threaded reduced portion8 of the front chamber. A longitudinal passage I4 is formed in theatomizing nozzle, and this terminates in a discharge orifice I5 at theforward end. The rear side of the head is bevelled, as at I6, andengages a similar seat I! formed at the front of the head, thus sealingor closing the forward end of the head when the atomizing nozzle isscrewed into place.

The diameter of the extension I2 is such that an annular chamber isformed between the extended portion of the atomizing tip and theenlarged chamber 9, and it is into this chamber that the fluid or oil isdelivered by the longitudinally extending passage I0. Tangentiallyarranged inlet passages I8 are drilled in the atomizing nozzle, andthese communicate. with the interior passage I4 and with the dischargeorifice I5, and as a pin I9 secured in the head A extends into thepassage I4, the rear end of the passage I4 is closed and a chamber isformed in which the oil or fluid entering through the tangentiallyarranged ports swirls or rotates at high velocity before discharginginto the orifice I5. Thus when the swirling fluid or liquid discharges,

it is atomized and a high efficiency of combustion is maintained, as theproper amount of air is admitted.

1 In actual practice, the tube A may be supported in any suitablemanner, and, as previously stated, is connected with the source of fluidunder pressure, such as hot oil or the like. A tube 2!] usuallysurrounds the tube A and the atomizing nozzle as is standard practice,but this merely serves as a guide and a shield for the tube A and theatomizing nozzle.

The pressure applied to the oil or other fuel employed ranges from tenpounds to several hundred pounds per square inch, and as it flowsthrough the tube A, the fitting 2 and the passages I0 and I I, andenters the chamber 9, it will obviously flow from said chamber throughthe tangentially arranged passages I8 into the central chamber I4, whereit will swirl with high velocity before it can discharge through theorifice I5. The higher the velocity the better the atomizing action.However, it is possible to operate with pressures as low as ten poundsand still obtain a good atomizing effect.

In burners of this character, the tip and forward end of the head aresubjected to the radiant heat of the furnace into which the flame isprojected. As long as there is a full flow of fuel through the atomizingnozzle, danger of choking up is nil, but if the furnace is shut downonly momentarily for any reason whatsoever, the oil is liable tocarbonize or coke in the passages, and if that happens, it willobviously become necessary to remove the head and the tip C to clean outthe several passages.

In most boiler plants, whether on shore or on shipboard, a spare burnertube A and atomizing nozzle are employed, immediately to replace thechoked nozzle. Hence the cleaning of the nozzle may be done more or lessat leisure, but still all passages should be accessible so that they maybe readily cleaned.

After the tube A and the atomizing nozzle as a whole have been removedfrom the furnace and permitted to cool off, a wrench is placed on thefitting 2, which is hexagonal-shaped, and another on the head B which isalso hexagonalshaped on the exterior. The head may thus be unscrewedfrom the extension 5 and placed in a vise, and as the head of theatomizing nozzle C is also hexagonal-shaped, it may be unscrewed. As itis unscrewed, it moves away from the pin [9. Thus when it is completelyremoved, there is a straight longitudinal passage through the nozzle tipwhich permits ready cleaning, the tangential passages being open fromthe side to be cleaned. With the tip removed, a drill or scraper may berun down the passages I0 and the passages II, and thus these arealsoreadily cleaned. After they have been cleaned, the parts may againbe re-assembled. V

The atomizing nozzle here shown consists of only three parts: the headB, the atomizing nozzle C, and the pin I9. This pin may be permanentlysecured in the head by running apin transversely through the head andpin, as indicated at 2|. The parts employed are thus reduced to aminimum, and each part is simple to manufacture of machine. Furthermore,all passages are accessible for ready cleaning whenever that isnecessary. As the atomizing nozzle is capable of operating under a greatrange of pressures, and still insures a good atomizing effect,efficiency can be depended upon over a large pressure range.

While the atomizing nozzle has been particularly described in connectionwith oil burners, it may obviously be used wherever an atomizing effectis desired, as with spray guns, etc.

While this and other features of my invention have been more or lessspecifically described and illustrated, I wish it understood thatvarious changes may be resorted to within the scope of the appendedclaims, and that the materials and finish may be such as the experienceof the manufacturer and varying conditions of use may demand.

Having thus described and illustrated my invention, What I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In an atomizing nozzle of thecharacter described, an elongated head member presenting a front and arear end, a chamber formed in the rear end, means for connecting. saidchamber with a source of fluid supply under pressure, a chamber formedin the front end of the head and having an enlarged and a reducedportion, a plurality of passages formed in the head and extendinglongitudinally of the head, one end of said passages opening through therear of the head and the other end opening into the enlarged portion ofthe front chamber, a screwthread formed in the reduced portion of thefront chamber, an atomizing tip having a threaded connection with saidscrew-thread and closing the front end of the front chamber, a chamberand a discharge orifice formed in the atomizing tip, and a plurality oftangentially arranged inlet passages formed in the atomizing tip, saidpassages connecting at one end with the enlarged portion of the frontchamber and at their opposite ends with the chamber within the atomizingtip.

2. In an atomizing nozzle of the character described, an elongated headmember presenting a front and a rear end, a chamber formed in the rearend of the head member, means for connecting said chamber with a sourceof fluid supply under pressure, a chamber formed in the front end of thehead and having an enlarged and a reduced portion, a plurality ofpassages formed in the head and extending longitudinally of the head,one end of said passages opening through the rear of the head and theother end opening into the enlarged portion of the front chamber, ascrew-thread formed in the reduced portion of the front chamber, anatomising tip having a threaded connection with the screwthread andclosing the front end of the front chamber, a longitudinal passageformed in the nozzle tip open at the inner end and terminating in adischarge orifice at the front end, a pin secured in the head andextending into the inner end of the passage formed in the nozzle tip andforming a closure therefor, and a plurality of tangentially disposedinlet passages formed in the nozzle tip, said passages connecting at oneend with the enlarged portion of the front chamber in the head and attheir oppositeends with of passages extending from a point adjacent thefront end of the head and opening through the rear end of the head, anenlarged annular portion formed in the front chamber communicating withthe front ends of the plurality of passages,

a seat formed at the outer end of the enlarged chamber, a screw-threadformed in the reduced portion of the front chamber, an atomizing tiphaving a threaded connection with said screwthread and engaging the seatto close the enlarged chamber, a chamber and a discharge orifice formedwithin the atomizing tip, and a tangentially disposed passage formed in'the atomizing tip communicating at one end with a chamber within the tipand at the opposite end Within the enlarged chamber.

